Fixed-type photovoltaic container agreement for mountainous areas

Is module arrangement a challenge for PV farms located in complex terrain?

This paper addressed the challenge of module arrangement for PV farms located in complex terrain. A set of analytical models, i.e. the irradiation model, shadow model and the mismatch model, are developed to calculate the optimal tilt-orientation combination, the decrease in ARI caused by shadow and the mismatch power loss.

What is a topological reconfiguration in a PV system?

In the literature, this issue is often addressed through topological reconfigurations during the PV system operation that dynamically alters the electrical connections among the PV modules in the PV array to minimize the effect of mismatch conditions (e.g. [18, 23]).

Is spatial module arrangement optimal in a large-scale PV farm deployment?

Therefore, the problem of optimal spatial module arrangement in the large-scale PV farm deployment in the complex topography can be effectively formulated as an optimization problem with two objectives, as given in Equations (15) and (16) as follows.

Do PV farms have complex topographies?

However, the aforementioned studies have not fully considered the condition of complex topographies of PV farms. Further, a number of studies have investigated the effect of shading and used physical or electrical methods to reduce the effects of shadows.