In this paper, we propose an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) base station (BS) system designed for applications by multiple users in complex offshore
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Automatic Identification System (AIS) The Automatic Identification System (AIS) has revolutionized maritime communication and vessel tracking. AIS is a system that allows
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Specifically, the terrestrial base station (TBS) serves near-shore users, while the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communicates with off-shore users. We aim to improve the
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In this paper, we outline the difference between the terrestrial and maritime propagation properties and present a survey of maritime communications in terms of the
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VDES (VHF Data Exchange System) is a next-generation maritime communication system, designed to enhance and expand the capabilities of the well-known AIS (Automatic
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In response to these challenges, this paper puts forward a ship-to-shore communication system using relay ships to extend the coverage of terrestrial base stations. A novel channel modeling
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For decade''s coastal mariners, particularly fishermen and pleasure users have been using mobile phone systems on board vessels Shore service providers have specifically
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On the shore, base stations integrated with network operations centers (NOCs) serve as shore-based relays for satellite communication, which uses geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO).
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Maritime communications are pivotal in facilitating the timely and precise exchange of information across vast maritime areas, serving a diverse array of maritime activities [1].
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This research delves into an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, which leverages a ship-based station to simultaneously offer maritime communication
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